We may need a fourth law of thermodynamics for living systems | New Scientist
A HeLa cell in telophase, a stage at which the chromosomes have separated DR MATTHEW DANIELS/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
The physics of thermodynamics, which involves quantities like heat and entropy, offers well-established tools for determining how far from equilibrium an idealised system of particles is. But when it comes to life, with its complex interconnected cells, it’s not clear that our current array of thermodynamical laws is enough – and a set of experiments involving human cells might be a first step towards creating a new one.
A new understanding of causality could fix quantum theory’s fatal flaw | New Scientist
The ball rolls across the floor because it was kicked, just as Earth orbits the sun because it is tugged by gravity. The connection between cause and effect is fundamental to how we understand the world – or at least, it is for the world we see, governed by classical physics.